Heterogeneous CaO-ZrO2 acid–base bifunctional catalysts for vapor-phase selective dehydration of 1,4-butanediol to 3-buten-1-ol

Authors:  Qian Zhang, Yin Zhang, Haitao Li, Chunguang Gao, Yongxiang Zhao

Abstract:
A series of acid–base bifunctional CaO-ZrO₂ catalysts was prepared simply by the impregnation method and evaluated for the vapour-phase dehydration of 1,4-butanediol (BDO). The effects of CaO content and calcination temperature on the catalytic properties of the CaO-ZrO₂ catalysts were investigated. It was found that the catalyst with 12.5 wt% CaO and at a calcination temperature of 650 ^◦C exhibited favorable catalytic performance and good stability for the selective dehydration of BDO to 3-buten-1-ol (BTO). The maximum BTO selectivity and BDO conversion reached 68.9% and 94.6%, respectively. The formation of by-product, THF, was markedly suppressed. These catalysts were characterized by N₂ physisorption, XRD, FT-IR spectra, NH₃-TPD and CO₂-TPD. The results indicated that the CaO-ZrO₂ catalysts showed higher basicity density and similar acidity density compared to unmodified ZrO₂ due to the formation of Ca–O–Zr Hetero-linkage by CaO introduction. The catalytic performance depended on the coexistence of acidic and basic sites on the surface of catalysts.

Keywords:
1,4-Butanediol
3-Buten-1-ol
Dehydration
CaO-ZrO₂ acid–base bifunctional catalyst
Ca–O–Zr Hetero-linkage

Published in: Applied catalysis A: General  (Volume 466, Pages 1-314, 10 September 2013)

Publisher: Elsevier  

ISSN Information: 0926-860X

Heterogeneous CaO-ZrO2 acid–base bifunctional catalysts for vapor-phase selective dehydration of 1,4-butanediol to 3-buten-1-ol

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