Liquid–solid heterogeneous synthesis of highly dispersed and PdPt surface enriched PdPtCu/C as methanol tolerant oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

Authors: Wei Li, Xinsheng Zhao, Thomas Cochell, Arumugam Manthiram

Abstract:
We present a liquid–solid heterogeneous synthesis with switchable etching effects to prepare highly dispersed, PdPt surface enriched PdPtCu alloy nanoparticles (NPs) supported on carbon black (PdPtCu/C) by using Cu NPs as a heterogeneous reducing agent. A mixture of the Pd and Pt precursors and nanosized particles of Cu are required to form the highly dispersed PdPtCu alloy NPs and scatter them on the carbon black. Oxidative etching of the surface Cu with the reaction solution triggered by switching the reaction solution atmosphere from N2 to air results in an enrichment of the surface of PdPtCu by PdPt. The activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction and methanol tolerance is tuned by controlling the Pd/Pt ratio. The PdPtCu/C catalyst with a Pd/Pt molar ratio of 1:1 exhibits noble metal and Pt mass activities of, respectively, 2 and 3 times that of a commercial Pt/C at 0.85V vs. RHE with much superior methanol tolerance. It also shows better performance than Pt/C with comparable durability in a direct methanol fuel cell.

Keywords:
Platinum palladium copper alloy
Heterogeneous synthesis
Surface enrichment
Oxygen reduction reaction
Methanol tolerance

Published in: Applied catalysis B: Environmental  (Volume 129, Pages 1-614, 17 January 2013)

Publisher: Elsevier  

ISSN Information: 0926-3373

Liquid–solid heterogeneous synthesis of highly dispersed and PdPt surface enriched PdPtCu/C as methanol tolerant oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

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