Sulfated zirconia; an efficient and reusable acid catalyst for the selective synthesis of 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane by Prins cyclization of styrene

Authors: Vijaykumar S. Marakatti, Ganapati V. Shanbhag, A.B. Halgeri

Abstract:
Prins cyclization of styrene with paraformaldehyde was carried out over sulfated zirconia (SZ) catalyst in liquid phase. The SZ catalysts were synthesized by precipitation method with different sulfur impregnation and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, Nitrogen sorption, NH3-TPD. The SZ showed best performance among different types of acid catalysts. The acidity of SZ optimized by different concentrations of H₂SO₄ treatmentinfluences the selectivity for dioxane. The sulfur loading, nature of solvent,temperature, catalyst amount, mole ratio and reusability of catalyst were investigated. The SZ catalyst synthesized by impregnating 2N sulfuric acid was found to be highly selective for the synthesis of 4-phenyl-1,3- dioxane (93%) with almost complete conversion of styrene (∼100%). The catalyst was recycled thrice with negligible decrease in the yield of 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane.

Keywords:
Prins cyclization
Sulfated zirconia
Styrene
Paraformaldehyde 1,3-Dioxane

Published in: Applied catalysis A: General  (Volume 451, Pages 1-288, 31 January 2013)

Publisher: Elsevier

ISSN Information: 0926-860X

Sulfated zirconia; an efficient and reusable acid catalyst for the selective synthesis of 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane by Prins cyclization of styrene

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